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Commentary

Clinical presentation in humans of orthopoxvirus-based infections.

Monkeypox: Considerations as a New Pandemic Looms

Matthew G. Brewer,Stephanie R. Monticelli,Brian M. Ward

Figure 2. Clinical presentation in humans of orthopoxvirus-based infections. (a) Replication-competent smallpox vaccine‒associated disseminated disease in a child with atopic dermatitis (eczema vaccinatum) and (b) a current case of monkeypox virus: a male patient aged 32 years with lesions affecting the genital area. Consent to publish images was provided by the parents of the child with eczema vaccinatum and from the subject who was infected with the monkeypox virus. The image of the child with (a) eczema vaccinatum was adapted from Vora et al., 2008 with permission of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. The image of the current case of (b) monkeypox virus was provided courtesy of Carina Borst, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna (Vienna, Austria).

Articles in Press

This Month's Highlights

Treg-specific ST2 deletion promotes type 2 immune microenvironment, which also marks human skin fibrosis.

Cheon et al. report that deletion of the IL-33 receptor ST2 specifically in regulatory T cells led to increased numbers of T helper type 2 cells, elevated IL-13 expression in the skin, and worsening of fibrosis. Thus, IL-33 cytokine signaling to regulatory T cells functions in the suppression of skin fibrosis, which characterizes the deadly autoimmune disorder systemic sclerosis. To learn more about the techniques used in this paper, visit this flow cytometry article.

Single platelets are recruited to the vessel wall after neutrophil diapedesis.

To examine how platelets preserve vascular integrity during immune complex‒mediated skin inflammation and prevent neutrophil-induced hemorrhage, Curry et al. utilized a confocal microscopy-based video-imaging platform combined with serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. These studies reveal that platelets physically secure vascular integrity without granule secretion by spreading across the endothelial barrier to essentially plug the neutrophil exit sites in vessel walls.

The presence of Esp endows SE with the capacity to generate IL-1β and to induce the release of IL-1β in keratinocytes.

Rademacher et al. show that the serine protease Esp from the abundant skin commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis processes pro‒IL-1β to mature, biologically active IL-1β produced by epidermal keratinocytes in the absence of host canonical processing by the inflammasome and caspase-1. This observation highlights a mechanism by which a skin commensal positively contributes to cutaneous host innate defense. To learn more about the techniques used in this paper, visit this ELISA article.

Resources for Clinical Research in the JID

Methods and Techniqures in Skin Research
Recent Reviews
ESDR 2021 Meeting Abstract Supplement

About

Society for Investigative Dermatology (SID)

The Society for Investigative Dermatology (SID) advances science relevant to skin health and disease through education, advocacy, and scholarly exchange of scientific information.

European Society for Dermatological Research (ESDR)

The European Society for Dermatological Research (ESDR) supports research toward understanding skin homeostasis improving the health of patients suffering from skin and venereal disease, infectious diseases and immune-mediated and inflammatory disorders.

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